Python Utilities for Random String Generation, Directory Compression, Pi Digit Estimation, Data JSON Saving, Program Pausing, and System Information

Generate a random string of specified length, compress a directory into a zip file, estimate the number of digits of π using the Monte Carlo method, save data to a JSON file, pause the program execution for a specified number of seconds, and print system information.

Technology Stack : random, string, math, shutil, json, time, sys, os

Code Type : Code function

Code Difficulty : Intermediate

                
                    
import random
import string
import math
import os
import shutil
import json
import time
import sys

def generate_random_string(length=10):
    """生成指定长度的随机字符串
    
    Args:
        length (int): 字符串长度，默认为10
    
    Returns:
        str: 生成的随机字符串
    """
    return ''.join(random.choices(string.ascii_letters + string.digits, k=length))

def zip_directory(source_dir, target_zip):
    """将目录压缩成zip文件
    
    Args:
        source_dir (str): 需要压缩的目录路径
        target_zip (str): 压缩后的zip文件路径
    """
    shutil.make_archive(target_zip[:-4], 'zip', source_dir)

def calculate_pi_digits(num_digits):
    """使用蒙特卡洛方法估算π的位数
    
    Args:
        num_digits (int): 估算的π的位数
    
    Returns:
        float: 估算的π值
    """
    inside_circle = 0
    total_points = 0
    for _ in range(num_digits * 10**6):
        x, y = random.random(), random.random()
        distance = math.sqrt(x**2 + y**2)
        if distance <= 1:
            inside_circle += 1
        total_points += 1
    return (inside_circle / total_points) * 4

def save_data_to_json(data, file_path):
    """将数据保存到JSON文件
    
    Args:
        data (dict): 需要保存的数据
        file_path (str): JSON文件的路径
    """
    with open(file_path, 'w') as f:
        json.dump(data, f)

def sleep_for_seconds(seconds):
    """暂停程序执行指定的秒数
    
    Args:
        seconds (float): 指定的秒数
    """
    time.sleep(seconds)

def print_system_info():
    """打印系统信息"""
    print(f"Python version: {sys.version}")
    print(f"Platform: {sys.platform}")
    print(f"OS name: {os.name}")
    print(f"CPU count: {os.cpu_count()}")